Dificuldades Encontradas Pelas Ligas De Hematologia Do Brasil

Introducao: As ligas academicas possuem papel decisivo na vida do estudante, pois, por meio delas, o individuo explora a sua autonomia, criticidade e comprometimento. Alem disso, o aluno procura as ligas tambem para suprir a necessidade de experiencia clinica e de qualificacao profissional. E notorio que muitas ligas enfrentam obstaculos em suprir as demandas dos participantes, seja em funcao da dificuldade de encontrar professores para ministrar aulas, da realizacao de pesquisas ou da disponibilidade de projetos de extensao. O objetivo desse trabalho e, portanto, discutir os principais obstaculos que as Ligas de Hematologia do Brasil enfrentam. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa por meio da aplicacao de questionarios online direcionados a ligas academicas de hematologia do Brasil, no ano de 2020. O questionario foi destinado a 44 ligas, sendo a taxa de resposta de 72,7%. Esta pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comite de etica da instituicao proponente sob o CAAE 24510719.2.0000.0029. Os dados foram analisados pela ferramenta Excel 2013, para analise descritiva e foram codificados, de forma a garantir o sigilo dos participantes. Resultados: Ao ser questionado as ligas sobre a publicacao de trabalhos em congressos, 78,1% afirmaram que fazem esse tipo de publicacao. Das 32 ligas analisadas, 75% possuem atividade de extensao, sendo 91,7% com contato direto com os pacientes. Alem disso, 71,9% possuem dificuldades em promover um projeto de extensao, por conta de diferentes motivos. Dessas ligas analisadas, 93,8% tem professor orientador e 40,6% tem dificuldades em encontrar professores dispostos a ministrar aulas sobre o assunto. Discussao: Na extensao universitaria, parte do tripe ensino-pesquisa-extensao, as Ligas de Hematologia conseguem desenvolver alguma atividade de extensao na grande maioria, no entanto encontram dificuldades na elaboracao dos projetos, possivelmente por falta de professores orientadores para auxiliar nas atividades e a necessidade de recursos e estrutura para a realizacao desses. A falta do professor orientador hematologista pode tambem estar relacionada ao menor numero de medicos especialista em hematologista no Brasil, que, apesar de terem aumentado nos ultimos anos de acordo com a Demografia Medica de 2018, ainda sao poucos em comparacao a outras especialidades. Para as atividades de ensino e pesquisa o advento das atividades online, durante a Pandemia da COVID-19, pode ter sido fator positivo que possibilitou as Ligas a realizacao de aulas online com especialistas de outras cidades e estados, alem de orientacao de trabalhos a distancia, mas, para confirmar tal relacao, novos estudos seriam necessarios. Conclusao: As Ligas, apesar de enfrentarem obstaculos, mantem atividades nos pilares de pesquisa, ensino e extensao, principalmente com regularidade de aulas e publicacoes cientificas, sendo, portanto, necessario mais estudos que possam analisar as causas especificas dos problemas. Copyright © 2022

Personality and adherence to the COVID-19 vaccine: the role of agreeableness and openness traits

Aim: This study aimed to verify the relationship between personality traits and commitment to vaccination against COVID-19. Material and methods: The sample consisted of 595 Brazilian adults aged 18-72 years, who answered the Big Five Inventory 2 Short (BFI-2-S) and a COVID-19 Vaccine Questionnaire. Results and discussion: Higher scores in agreeableness and openness were associated with a higher probability of adhering to the vaccination program, and higher scores in extroversion and lower scores in agreeableness were associated with poor adherence to the vaccination, anti-vaccine movement, and conspiracy beliefs against the vaccine (p <= .01). These results show the agreeableness and openness traits seem to be crucial for adherence to the vaccination program. Conclusion: The findings indicate the importance of acknowledging agreeableness and openness traits as relevant in the adherence to the public policies programs against the COVID-19 pandemic.

SCHOOL WHEN THERE’S NO SCHOOL: THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC FROM THE CHILDREN’S POINTS OF VIEW

This article discusses the meanings of school for children between 8 and 12 years old amid class suspension over the COVID-19 pandemic. The comprehension of the children’s points of view is based on the recognition of their rights and their ability to participate in social life, as demonstrated by childhood studies in the social sciences. We analyze survey data collected from 2.021 children in Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Region (Brazil). Results indicate that children understand school as a place which has a wide range of functions, among which learning, care, and sociability are included. © 2022, Centro de Estudos Educacao e Sociedade - CEDES. All rights reserved.

Differences of venous thromboembolism (Vte) events in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 hospitalized patients

Background : Although the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), different VTE incidences are reported according to the population profile. Aims : To compare risk factors, prophylaxis regimens, laboratory data, incidence and mortality rates of VTE associated with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients, hospitalized in an institution with best practices in thromboprophylaxis. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed all confirmed cases of VTE (pulmonary embolism [PE] and/or deep vein thrombosis [DVT]) reported in electronic medical records diagnosed at admission, during hospitalization or readmitted to the hospital within 90 days after discharge, between January/2020 and February/2021. Characteristics of VTE events associated with COVID-19 and VTE associated with other diseases (non-COVID patients), were compared. Results : Over the study period, 177 patients presented VTE events (63.8% male, mean age 63.8 ± 18.9 years, 38.4% confirmed COVID-19;85% critically ill patients). Clinical characteristics were summarized in Table 1. In contrast to non-COVID group, COVID-19 patients were predominantly male (78% vs. 55%;P = 0.002) and older (66 vs. 61 years old ;P = 0.034), had less clinical risk factors for VTE, and developed VTE more frequently during hospital stay, despite using higher doses of enoxaparin (Tables 1 and 2). Mortality rate was higher in the COVID group (38.2% vs. 5.5%;P < 0.0001). Additionally, COVID group presented higher D-Dimer levels (17481 ± 26278 UI/ ml vs. 7291 ± 11708 UI/ml;P = 0.004), but similar C-reactive protein levels (12.5 ± 11.8 vs.13.8 ± 79.2;P = 0.892). Regarding critically ill patients, COVID-19 was associated with an increased risk of VTE compared to non-COVID group (5.6% [34/602] vs. 0.5% [20/3690], unadjusted OR = 10.98 [95% CI 6.3-19.2;P < 0.00001]) (Table 2). Conclusions : Despite of having less clinical risk factors for VTE and using greater doses of enoxaparin, COVID-19 patients had higher incidence of In-hospital VTE and higher mortality rate. These findings suggest that a hypercoagulability state could be induced by the coronavirus itself. .

Use of D-dimer as a predictor of venous thromboembolism events (VTE) in COVID-19 patients

Background : D-Dimer (DD) values are often elevated in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but its role as a diagnostic test of VTE is controversial. Aims : To analyze the performance of DD in the VTE events diagnosis in a cohort of COVID-19 patients. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed, from March/2020 to February/2021, all cases of proven COVID-19 submitted to a compression ultrasound (CUS) or CT pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) to investigate deep venous thrombosis [DVT] and/or pulmonary embolism [PE]. DD levels were recorded at hospital admission and at the day (±24 h) of each imaging studies. DD levels were categorized into 3 groups according to terciles, in order to determine VTE risk. ROC curve analysis was used to determine optimal DD cut-off to predict VTE. Results : From 717 COVID-19 admissions, we identified 169 patients (median age 65 years [20-103], 66% male) submitted to a 208 imaging studies (74 CTPA, 134 CUS). In the overall cohort, 54 (32%) patients had VTE diagnosis according to 62 positive exams (39 CUS and 23 CTPA). Confirmed VTE patients had higher median levels of DD at admission (2364 vs. 831 ng/mL;P = 0.004) and at the day of exam (7013 vs. 1378 ng/mL;P < 0.0001). The AUROC for DD and VTE at admission and at the day of imaging study was 0.72 (95%CI,0.63-0.81) and 0.80 (95%CI,0.73-0.87), respectively. The best DD cut-off point to predict VTE was 2000 ng/mL (86% sensitivity, 63% specificity). Greater values of DD were associated with an increased rate of VTE diagnosis: group I≤1200 ng/mL: 7.6%;group II-1201-5000 ng/mL: 35.8% and group III>5000 ng/mL: 60.3% ( P < 0.001). The OR of group II and III vs. group I was 6.8 (95%CI 2.4-19.3;P < 0.0001) and 18.5 (95%CI6.6-52.0;P < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions : In a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, DD test was a good discriminator of VTE events. Serial measurements of DD could help physicians to initiate anticoagulation therapy in COVID-19 patients suspected of VTE diagnosis.